海蓬子种子的发芽特性与贮存方法研究

海蓬子可作为一种盐生油料植物种植开发.通过对海蓬子种子的发芽特性和贮存方法的研究,结果表明,海蓬子有明显的休眠特性,休眠期约为90d;种子发芽数为第4天最高,第10天发芽率＞5%;在半年的贮存时间内,果穗贮藏较脱粒贮藏有显著的差异;初步的试验结果显示,采收黄熟种子贮藏比过熟种子贮藏更有利于延长种子寿命.图1显示,种子发芽数为第4天最高,第8天后发芽数已明显减少,第10天发芽率＞5%.     

不同浓度的镉离子(Cd2+)对小麦种子萌发的影响

以温麦6号为材料,探讨了不同浓度的重金属镉(Cd2 )对小麦种子萌发及根、芽生长的影响。结果表明:Cd2 对小麦种子萌发有较大的抑制作用;Cd2 浓度低于5mg/L时,能在一定程度上刺激小麦种子的萌发,小麦种子的发芽率和根数也略有增加;当Cd2 浓度大于5mg/L时,对小麦种子的萌发表现出明显的抑制效应,随Cd2 浓度的增加,幼根和幼芽的长度逐渐变短,芽重和根重明显下降,活力指数显著降低。此外,高浓度的Cd2 (50mg/L)引起小麦幼根根尖变褐,呈现中毒反应。     

直流电场处理树种在陕西飞播造林效果

用直流电场处理油松种子，进行发芽试验和飞播造林试验，结果表明：经直流电场处理的油松种子，可提前１￣２ｄ发芽，提高发芽成苗率１０％￣２５％。     

多功能种子库的环境控制装置改造与设计

通过将常规冷库的制冷系统和控制系统进行改进和一种新型降温除湿装置的研制，满足了各类型种子库的贮藏要求，应用效果良好。介绍了种子库的类型和贮藏条件，重点介绍各种设计改进方法和控制原理，既满足了不同种子库的温、湿度和控制精度要求，又达到了设备造价低、能耗低的目的。     

Seed chemical variation in Prosopis chilensis from Argentina

Ten Prosopis chilensis populations from different phytogeografic areas of Argentina were analyzed chemically in their proximate and fatty acid composition. Oil and protein contents varied between 2.5–6.6% and 29.2–38.6%, respectively. Ash content ranged from 3.1 to 4.6%. The seed lipids contained a relatively large proportion of unsaturated fatty acids with linoleic acid as predominant. The results showed that: (a) There was a significant variation among populations in their chemical components, (b) moisture, ash and protein contents, and saturated fatty acids had not significant correlation with geographic parameters analyzed; (c) some unsaturated fatty acids correlated significantly with altitude. The variability observed might indicate that there is sufficient intraspecific differences to permit improvement by selection and breeding.     

Segetal and ruderal relatives of cultivated plants and the problems of their conservation and use: a Russian perspective

The paper presents a survey of the situation existing now in nature with wild relatives of crop species from the group of segetal and ruderal plants, found within the territories of Russia and of other CIS countries. The majority of non-specialized annual and perennial weeds have been shown still to occur in the territory of the former USSR. For the past 50 years they have not seriously vanished from agriculture. Some of them even have a tendency to expand their areas and to become more abundant. Hence they need not be conserved in gene banks. It is only for a relatively small group of species of specialized contaminants that care should be taken to preserve them and to store their seeds in gene banks.     

中国种业机械化现状调研与发展分析

种业机械化是种业现代化的重要基础和前提,是涵盖品种选育、品种试验、制种生产、种子加工等多环节的系统工程。为了系统梳理中国种业机械化发展成果与存在问题,有效推进种业机械化发展、促进种业现代化建设,该文从田间试验机械化、制种生产机械化、种子加工机械化等方面阐述了国内种业机械化现状调研情况和国际种业机械化发展经验,分析了中国种业机械化存在的主要问题:种业装备企业普遍规模小、装备差、科研投入少,整体水平与国外存在较大差距,装备功能有待扩展、结构设计有待优化、现代化控制水平有待提高等;提出了种业机械化研究重点:1)主要农作物品种试验机械化关键装备研究;2)主要农作物制种生产机械化关键装备研究;3)主要农作物种子低损高效精细加工技术集成研究。指出了"规模化、标准化、集约化、机械化"种子生产是现代种业持续、健康发展的重要保障和基本发展方向。     

油茶芽接与扦插育苗比较

为降低油茶育苗成本,提高经济效益,对油茶芽接和扦插育苗进行了试验比较。结果表明:油茶扦插成活率高于芽接30%~50%;每公顷出苗量高于芽接1倍多;苗木良种纯度高,但生长量滞后芽接0.5~1年;每公顷成本投入低于芽接15.75%;收入高于芽接2.36倍;扦插育苗经济效益显著,市场竞争力强。     

A novel cyclopropyl-containing fatty acid glucoside from the seeds of Litchi chinensis

3,12-Dihydroxy-cis-3,4-methylenedodecanoic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, trivially named litchioside C (1), the first cyclopropyl-containing fatty acid glycoside, was isolated along with three previously uncharacterized galactosylacylglycerols from the seeds of Litchi chinensis. Its structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including HRESIMS and 2D NMR spectra. Its antioxidant and antibacterial activities were evaluated and its biogenetic pathway was discussed.     

华山松种子发芽影响因素和生活力检验方法研究

以泾源县沙塘林场提供的华山松种子为试材,对华山松种子发芽的影响因素和生活力检验方法进行了研究.结果表明:纸床培养的华山松种子的发芽率要高于沙床培养的,两者之间存在显著差异;45℃清水浸种72 h的种子比用细纱1～5℃低温层积过的种子萌芽时间和萌芽高峰期明显滞后;染色时间20h、四唑浓度0.5％、染色温度20℃为检验华山...